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https://aphascience.blog.gov.uk/2022/09/08/asian-hornet-week-2022/

22 confirmed Asian hornet sightings in Great Britain since 2016 … and counting

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Image of an Asian hornet on a plant with the APHA logo and the text 'Asian Hornet Week 5 - 11 September'
Asian Hornet Week is marked annually to raise awareness of this invasive species and how you can help by reporting sightings

This week, 5-11 September 2022, is the British Beekeepers’ Association’s Asian Hornet Week. The aim is to raise awareness about the yellow-legged Asian hornet (Vespa velutina) in the United Kingdom (UK) and show how to report sightings. Asian hornet is an invasive non-native species in the UK and is a highly effective predator of other insects, including honey bees, so could pose a serious threat to UK pollinators if it were to become established here.

The species which is native to parts of Asia was accidentally introduced to France in 2004 and has spread rapidly into other European countries.

Breaking News

As this goes to print, APHA’s Pete Davies and the Eastern England bee inspector team are monitoring an Asian hornet sighting near Chelmsford. As Asian hornets can “hitchhike” e.g., on imported goods, or moved in vehicles, they can arrive anywhere as well as being “blown-in” from continental Europe, so please look out for hornets in your area and report your suspected sightings as described at the bottom of this blog.

To date, there have been 22 confirmed sightings of Asian hornet in Great Britain since 2016. Twelve of these sightings have been associated with nests, all of which were destroyed. Most findings have been along England’s south coast.

For the first time since the pandemic, the National Bee Unit (NBU) have sent inspectors to Jersey. The training ensures more inspectors gain live Asian hornet experience, including engaging in track and trace activities. Before inspectors were issued with a licence and badge, granting them authority to catch, mark and release Asian hornets whilst on the island, they undertook a short course and trained with the Jersey authorities. Without a licence it is unlawful to release these non-native insects once caught.

“We stood for long periods of time at bait stations observing hornets feed. We marked a small number of them, plotted their flight lines and recorded the time it took to get back. By moving bait stations, we successfully tracked hornets closer to their nests. I devised a simple monitoring device using a used takeaway coffee cup and cloth or kitchen roll saturated in wasp attractant. As these are items lots of people can find, you may want to try to monitor insects in your area?”

John Geden, National Bee Inspectorate, APHA

Peter Folge, from APHA’s National Bee Inspectorate, were the first pair to receive training and over five hot days they saw many Asian hornets.

Split image - one half showing a cardboard coffee cup with a pink liquid on top of the lid and a piece of cloth sticking out and the other half of an Asian hornet and wasps on the coffee cup
A simple hornet monitoring device made by our bee inspectors

“Asian hornets are very distinct. We often heard them before we saw them and found they have a deeper, quieter buzz than our native European hornet. They hovered over bait and often circled it before deciding to land. Tracking hornets takes patience. It sometimes took a little while for them to settle and start feeding: they first tasted the bait, took off and then returned. Although we could stand quite closely safely, the hornets were aggressive with other insects at the bait stations and fought and chased wasps.”

Daniel Baxter and Karen Smith, National Bee Inspectorate, APHA

Image of a person in a tree wearing PPE with a long pole directed at an Asian hornet nest
A specialist tree climber removes an Asian hornet nest in Jersey
Image of part of an Asian hornet comb with the text, "If you look closely, you can see small eggs at the bottom of the cells. Layers of comb are held together with strong papery columns. All Vespa (or wasp) nests are similar, so it can be extremely difficult to identify species of Vespa (hornets and wasps) by nest alone, especially when they are high up in a tree. Clear photographs of insects help colleagues triaging sightings to identify them quickly, which at the end of summer is especially important before this year’s queens leave the nest to find overwintering sites."
Our inspectors got the chance to see inside dissected Asian hornet nests. The photo above is a comb from an Asian hornet nest

All the inspectors who visited Jersey for training felt it was extremely worthwhile, equipping them with invaluable skills for when for the next sighting that could occur anywhere at anytime!

Identifying an Asian hornet

When observed carefully, the Asian hornet has the following distinct identifying features:

  • Striking yellow ‘socks’ – leading to its common name in Asia of the ‘yellow-legged hornet’
  • Slightly smaller than our native European hornet but larger than a common wasp
  • Darker than European hornet and many types of wasp, but has a distinct orange face and an orange-yellow band towards the tail end of its abdomen
Diagram of how to spot an Asian hornet when compared to a European hornet, wasp and honey bee. The title of the diagram is, "Think you've seen an Asian hornet? Report it!" Report it through the Asian Hornet Watch app or www.bit.ly/asianhornetreport. Get it on Google Play or download it on the Apple App Store. The image also contains the APHA logo
We rely on members of the public to report potential sightings of Asian hornet

You can download a free identification sheet or order a free hard copy from: nnss@apha.gov.uk.

How can you help?

This year, Jersey has recorded over 100 Asian hornet nests, its highest ever number. Although the UK has received thousands of sightings this year, most of the images sent clearly identify native species such as wasps, bees, and our native European hornet.

You can help by taking some time this week or later in the month to watch pollinators in your area. You can watch insects feed on late flowering plants such as Ivy, fallen fruit, or make a simple monitoring station; for more ideas see this leaflet.

Report insects you suspect to be Asian hornet using the free Asian Hornet Watch app for iPhone or Android or the online reporting form.

You can get to know what similar insects look like by scrolling through images on the Asian Hornet Watch app or see this article on commonly misidentified insects.

Further reading

If you liked this blog, you may wish to read some of our previous Asian hornet blogs:

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